EFA exit exam questions and answers — Set 38 — Elementary First Aid
Set 38 of the Elementary First Aid (EFA) exit exam bank — 30 of 1185 questions, with the correct option marked and a one-line explanation for every one. Read it end to end, jump to a single set, or search it — then sit the same bank as a timed paper. The real DG Shipping exit exam is 30 marks with 15 to pass.
These are the bank's original groupings. Practising deals the whole bank out again every time you reshuffle, so a practice “Set 3” is a different 30 questions each time — the set numbers below are the source file's, and are only used here so the key stays navigable. Options are listed in their original order with fixed letters; when you practise, those move too.
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Set 38 — 30 EFA exit exam questions with answers
1. When a stretcher casualty is carried up a stairway or ladder, the casualty's head should normally be:
- A. At the same level as the feet
- B. Uppermost
- C. Lowermost
- D. Turned to one side and lowered
2. When a team carries a casualty on a stretcher, commands are normally given by:
- A. The casualty himself
- B. The bearer at the feet
- C. Any bearer who wishes
- D. The bearer at the casualty's head, who can watch the casualty
3. Filter-type (canister) respirators must not be used to rescue a casualty from an enclosed space because they:
- A. Cannot be worn with gloves
- B. Supply too much oxygen
- C. Are too heavy to wear
- D. Do not supply oxygen and give no protection in an oxygen-deficient atmosphere
4. Under SOLAS, enclosed space entry and rescue drills must be carried out at least:
- A. Once a year
- B. Once every two months
- C. Only when the ship is in dry dock
- D. Once a week
5. A large proportion of deaths in enclosed spaces on ships involve:
- A. Would-be rescuers who enter without breathing apparatus
- B. Persons wearing breathing apparatus correctly
- C. Officers on watch on the bridge
- D. Persons standing by at the entrance
6. A hypothermic survivor is recovered from the water. He should, if possible, be lifted:
- A. Head first
- B. Vertically by a single strop under the arms
- C. By the arms
- D. In a horizontal position
7. During a log-roll of a casualty with a suspected spinal injury, the timing of the roll is controlled by:
- A. The rescuer holding the stretcher
- B. The rescuer at the feet
- C. The rescuer holding the casualty's head
- D. The casualty
8. An improvised stretcher can be made from:
- A. A single plank tied to a rope
- B. A folded hammock without poles
- C. Two strong poles passed through the sleeves of two or three buttoned-up jackets
- D. A lifebuoy and line
9. Before an improvised stretcher is used to carry a casualty, it should be:
- A. Used without testing to save time
- B. Soaked in water
- C. Tested by lifting an uninjured person of similar weight
- D. Painted for visibility
10. When a casualty is evacuated ashore or to another vessel, which of the following should go with him?
- A. Nothing, as the hospital will examine him
- B. A written record of injuries, observations, treatment and drugs given, with times
- C. His personal effects but no medical information
- D. Only his passport
11. The cradle carry by a single rescuer is suitable for:
- A. Unconscious heavy adults
- B. Children and light adults
- C. Heavy adults with leg injuries
- D. Casualties with suspected spinal injury
12. A hypothermic casualty should be handled gently during rescue and transport because rough handling may:
- A. Cause heat stroke
- B. Cause ventricular fibrillation (cardiac arrest)
- C. Cause frostbite
- D. Raise the body temperature too fast
13. When a rescue strop (horse collar) is lowered from a helicopter to lift a survivor, it should be placed:
- A. Under the knees
- B. Around the waist only
- C. Around the back and under the armpits, with arms kept down at the sides
- D. Around the neck
14. Before a casualty on a stretcher is moved through narrow passages or up ladders on a rolling ship, he should be:
- A. Sat upright on the stretcher
- B. Allowed to hold onto the stretcher himself
- C. Securely strapped to the stretcher
- D. Covered but not secured
15. Which of the following should be done before moving a casualty, unless there is immediate danger?
- A. Give him painkillers and food
- B. Remove all his clothing
- C. Treat life-threatening conditions and immobilise fractures
- D. Wash his face with cold water
16. A rescuer entering an enclosed space to rescue a collapsed crew member should be wearing:
- A. A canister gas mask
- B. Self-contained breathing apparatus and a lifeline, with an attendant at the entrance
- C. A dust mask
- D. Overalls only, to save time
17. A conscious casualty who can walk with a little help should normally be:
- A. Carried by the fireman's lift
- B. Strapped onto a Neil Robertson stretcher
- C. Dragged by the ankles
- D. Assisted to walk using the human crutch method
18. A single rescuer must urgently pull an unconscious casualty clear of smoke. A suitable method is to:
- A. Roll him along the deck
- B. Drag him by the ankles over steps
- C. Drag him by the clothing at the shoulders, with the head supported on the rescuer's forearms
- D. Lift him onto the shoulder by the arms
19. Shock caused by a spinal cord injury, in which the blood vessels dilate and blood pressure falls, is called:
- A. Neurogenic shock
- B. Hypovolaemic shock
- C. Septic shock
- D. Anaphylactic shock
20. Shock that results from the heart failing to pump effectively, for example after a heart attack, is called:
- A. Septic shock
- B. Hypovolaemic shock
- C. Cardiogenic shock
- D. Neurogenic shock
21. Which of the following is a late and serious sign of shock?
- A. Pale skin
- B. Sweating
- C. Restlessness progressing to drowsiness and loss of consciousness
- D. Slightly raised pulse
22. When the nail bed of a casualty in shock is pressed and released, the colour takes longer than about two seconds to return. This indicates:
- A. High blood pressure
- B. Normal circulation
- C. A fracture of the finger
- D. Poor circulation to the extremities
23. A casualty in shock complains of thirst. You should:
- A. Give him a hot sweet drink
- B. Give him a small amount of alcohol
- C. Moisten his lips with water but give nothing to drink
- D. Give him plenty of water
24. Hot water bottles or other direct heat should not be used on a casualty in shock because:
- A. They draw blood to the skin and away from the vital organs
- B. They will cause the casualty to fall asleep
- C. They are too heavy for the casualty
- D. They raise blood sugar
25. An adrenaline auto-injector for a casualty in anaphylactic shock should be given into the:
- A. Back of the hand
- B. Chest wall
- C. Outer side of the thigh
- D. Abdomen
26. While waiting for medical help, the pulse, breathing and level of response of a casualty in shock should be:
- A. Checked only if he complains
- B. Left alone so as not to disturb him
- C. Checked and recorded at regular intervals, such as every 10 minutes
- D. Checked once only
27. A casualty in shock begins yawning and gasping for air. This most likely indicates:
- A. The brain is short of oxygen and the condition is worsening
- B. The casualty is simply tired
- C. The casualty is recovering
- D. The casualty has eaten too much
28. Which of the following best helps a casualty in shock?
- A. Giving him a stimulant such as coffee
- B. Giving him a large meal
- C. Encouraging him to walk to keep the circulation going
- D. Treating the cause, laying him down, raising the legs if possible, keeping him warm and reassured
29. In shock caused by severe burns, the fall in circulating volume is mainly due to:
- A. Spinal cord damage
- B. Failure of the heart muscle
- C. Loss of plasma from the burned area
- D. Infection of the blood
30. In a casualty developing shock, a fall in blood pressure is usually:
- A. A sign of recovery
- B. A late sign, appearing after the pulse has already become rapid
- C. Never seen
- D. The first sign to appear
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